Explore unemployment rates by country using World Bank and ILO data. Compare global rankings and historical trends
Unemployment rate by country · annual national estimates
Explore 210 countries and economies, including the euro area. Total and youth unemployment, historical charts and comparisons. Every value shows its observation year; these are annual figures, not current monthly rates.
United States
Annual observationsView exact history values
Unemployment by Country — All Available Economies
Latest annual total unemployment rates, national estimates. Years differ; this is not a same-year ranking. National methods and definitions may differ.
| Country / economy | Rate (%) / change (pp) | Year | Population / status |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 4.28% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| China | 4.57% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Euro Area | 6.34% | 2025 | Total · national estimate · euro-area aggregate |
| Japan | 2.50% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| United Kingdom | 4.90% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| India | 4.51% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Canada | 6.82% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Brazil | 5.83% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| South Korea | 2.79% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Mexico | 2.54% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Australia | 4.17% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Switzerland | 4.84% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Poland | 3.02% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Sweden | 8.74% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Israel | 3.00% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Afghanistan | 5.68% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Albania | 8.43% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Algeria | 11.71% | 2017 | Total · national estimate |
| American Samoa | 9.20% | 2010 | Total · national estimate |
| Angola | 10.39% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 5.37% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Argentina | 7.38% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Armenia | 8.30% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Aruba | 8.90% | 2011 | Total · national estimate |
| Austria | 5.78% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Azerbaijan | 5.70% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Bahamas, The | 8.15% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Bahrain | 0.89% | 2015 | Total · national estimate |
| Bangladesh | 3.64% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Barbados | 6.03% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Belarus | 2.53% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Belgium | 6.18% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Belize | 9.05% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Benin | 1.69% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Bermuda | 9.00% | 2014 | Total · national estimate |
| Bhutan | 3.36% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Bolivia | 2.52% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 10.73% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Botswana | 24.43% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| British Virgin Islands | 3.29% | 1991 | Total · national estimate |
| Brunei Darussalam | 5.35% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Bulgaria | 3.52% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Burkina Faso | 7.09% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Burundi | 1.03% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Cabo Verde | 11.30% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Cambodia | 3.28% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Cameroon | 3.28% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Cayman Islands | 4.20% | 2015 | Total · national estimate |
| Chad | 3.11% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Chile | 8.89% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Colombia | 8.43% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Comoros | 4.39% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Congo, Dem. Rep. | 1.47% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Congo, Rep. | 10.00% | 2012 | Total · national estimate |
| Costa Rica | 6.34% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 2.31% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Croatia | 4.85% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Cuba | 1.70% | 2018 | Total · national estimate |
| Curacao | 19.10% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Cyprus | 4.35% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Czechia | 2.79% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Denmark | 6.32% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Djibouti | 38.78% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Dominica | 10.96% | 2001 | Total · national estimate |
| Dominican Republic | 5.17% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Ecuador | 3.23% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Egypt, Arab Rep. | 5.95% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| El Salvador | 2.93% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Equatorial Guinea | 6.51% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Estonia | 7.44% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Eswatini | 34.26% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Ethiopia | 3.94% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Faroe Islands | 4.03% | 2013 | Total · national estimate |
| Fiji | 5.36% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Finland | 9.61% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| France | 7.70% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| French Polynesia | 21.79% | 2012 | Total · national estimate |
| Gabon | 17.41% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Gambia, The | 7.05% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Georgia | 8.20% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Germany | 3.82% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Ghana | 3.23% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Gibraltar | 6.45% | 1991 | Total · national estimate |
| Greece | 8.84% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Greenland | 9.10% | 2015 | Total · national estimate |
| Grenada | 6.34% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Guam | 5.40% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Guatemala | 2.33% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Guinea | 5.02% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Guinea-Bissau | 2.67% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Guyana | 6.58% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Haiti | 14.10% | 2012 | Total · national estimate |
| Honduras | 4.85% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Hong Kong SAR, China | 3.65% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Hungary | 4.42% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Iceland | 4.43% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Indonesia | 3.42% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Iran, Islamic Rep. | 7.63% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Iraq | 16.17% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Ireland | 4.64% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Isle of Man | 2.67% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Italy | 6.13% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Jamaica | 3.02% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Jordan | 16.80% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Kazakhstan | 4.90% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Kenya | 5.59% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Kiribati | 2.79% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Kosovo | 10.83% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Kuwait | 2.16% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Kyrgyz Republic | 3.50% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Lao PDR | 1.21% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Latvia | 6.89% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Lebanon | 11.30% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Lesotho | 18.70% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Liberia | 5.93% | 2017 | Total · national estimate |
| Libya | 19.00% | 2012 | Total · national estimate |
| Liechtenstein | 2.31% | 2017 | Total · national estimate |
| Lithuania | 6.87% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Luxembourg | 6.48% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Macao SAR, China | 2.54% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Madagascar | 3.19% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Malawi | 15.41% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Malaysia | 3.90% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Maldives | 4.56% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Mali | 4.50% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Malta | 3.05% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Marshall Islands | 9.82% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Mauritania | 10.42% | 2019 | Total · national estimate |
| Mauritius | 5.83% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Micronesia, Fed. Sts. | 8.86% | 2014 | Total · national estimate |
| Moldova | 1.28% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Monaco | 6.33% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Mongolia | 5.41% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Montenegro | 11.53% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Morocco | 11.79% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Mozambique | 6.79% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Myanmar | 1.48% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Namibia | 35.19% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Naoero | 5.06% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Nepal | 10.66% | 2017 | Total · national estimate |
| Netherlands | 3.85% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| New Caledonia | 10.15% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| New Zealand | 5.26% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Nicaragua | 5.20% | 2018 | Total · national estimate |
| Niger | 0.40% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Nigeria | 3.45% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| North Macedonia | 11.53% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Northern Mariana Islands | 11.17% | 2010 | Total · national estimate |
| Norway | 4.46% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Oman | 3.30% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Pakistan | 6.96% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Palau | 2.09% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Panama | 8.31% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Papua New Guinea | 2.69% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Paraguay | 4.53% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Peru | 4.32% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Philippines | 2.36% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Portugal | 6.01% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Puerto Rico (US) | 5.60% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Qatar | 0.10% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Romania | 6.11% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Russian Federation | 2.14% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Rwanda | 5.36% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Samoa | 5.05% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| San Marino | 4.92% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 7.96% | 2017 | Total · national estimate |
| Saudi Arabia | 3.24% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Senegal | 4.57% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Serbia | 7.30% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Seychelles | 2.58% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Sierra Leone | 1.65% | 2018 | Total · national estimate |
| Singapore | 3.26% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Slovak Republic | 5.42% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Slovenia | 3.88% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Solomon Islands | 0.69% | 2013 | Total · national estimate |
| Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 11.09% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| South Africa | 32.28% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| South Sudan | 12.30% | 2008 | Total · national estimate |
| Spain | 10.50% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Sri Lanka | 4.32% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | 5.12% | 2001 | Total · national estimate |
| St. Lucia | 7.66% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 18.79% | 2008 | Total · national estimate |
| Sudan | 7.53% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Suriname | 7.92% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 14.90% | 2011 | Total · national estimate |
| Tajikistan | 0.08% | 2016 | Total · national estimate |
| Tanzania | 2.78% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Thailand | 0.60% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Timor-Leste | 1.54% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Togo | 1.97% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Tonga | 1.65% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 4.01% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Tunisia | 15.11% | 2023 | Total · national estimate |
| Turkiye | 8.35% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Turkmenistan | 4.00% | 2010 | Total · national estimate |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 8.30% | 2008 | Total · national estimate |
| Tuvalu | 7.32% | 2022 | Total · national estimate |
| Uganda | 3.42% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| Ukraine | 9.83% | 2021 | Total · national estimate |
| United Arab Emirates | 1.74% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Uruguay | 7.34% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Uzbekistan | 5.29% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Vanuatu | 1.41% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Venezuela, RB | 7.53% | 2020 | Total · national estimate |
| Viet Nam | 1.53% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| West Bank and Gaza | 28.71% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
| Yemen, Rep. | 13.47% | 2014 | Total · national estimate |
| Zambia | 5.67% | 2024 | Total · national estimate |
| Zimbabwe | 9.16% | 2025 | Total · national estimate |
Sources, methodology & reuse
Source: The World Bank: World Development Indicators: ILO Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization. Indicators: SL.UEM.TOTL.NE.ZS (total unemployment, percentage of total labour force) and SL.UEM.1524.NE.ZS (youth unemployment, percentage of labour force ages 15–24). These are annual national estimates. They are not the separate ILO modeled-estimate series and are not seasonally adjusted monthly headline releases.
The unemployment rate measures people without work who are available and seeking work as a share of the labour force, rather than the entire population. Youth unemployment uses the youth labour force as its denominator. National age limits, definitions, surveys and coverage may differ; same-year values alone do not make all national estimates fully comparable. Unemployment does not measure every form of labour underutilization or job quality. Read the official metadata before interpreting differences.
The tracker does not estimate, interpolate or carry forward missing values, combine national and modeled estimates, or turn missing observations into zeros. The annual-change view is a Silver Dominion calculation: the selected rate minus the rate in the exact preceding calendar year, in percentage points. Source flags are preserved; a reported break in the current year suppresses that change. The API may not identify every historical methodology break. Histories can be revised by the source.
Latest per economy shows each economy’s own latest completed calendar year available in the source; years may differ substantially. Select an explicit year for a same-year overview. Common year selects the latest year shared by the primary economies with data for the selected group and view, and reports participation. The history panel remains independent of the overview-year filter. Older observations (more than two years behind the current year) and source verifications older than seven days are labelled.
The euro area is the World Bank’s EMU aggregate, with membership and weighting defined by the source. It is not the European Union and overlaps its member countries. It is not calculated by averaging national unemployment percentages. Other regional and income aggregates are excluded. The catalog includes countries, territories and the euro-area aggregate with at least one available total or youth observation; availability and history lengths vary.
In the default ordering, the first cards match the shared primary selection in the companion Silver Dominion tools: United States, China, Euro Area, Japan, United Kingdom, India, Canada, Brazil, South Korea, Mexico, Australia, Switzerland, Poland, Sweden and Israel. This default selection is not an unemployment ranking. Phones initially show the same first eight. Highest, lowest and alphabetical sorting reorder all available economies, including the first visible cards; Show more continues in the selected order. Unavailable values sort last. Latest-per-economy rankings may compare observations from different years. Other economies are also available through search, the country selector and the full overview.
One shared daily check of the official country catalog and both annual series runs through WordPress cron, requiring site traffic or a host cron. Checking daily does not mean the provider releases new annual figures daily. The bundled snapshot works immediately; failed, incomplete or older responses retain previously verified histories. Source verification dates, WDI dataset update dates and observation years are distinct. Visitors read a shared local cache and do not contact the provider directly.
Data attribution: The World Bank: World Development Indicators: ILO Labour Force Statistics (LFS). These indicators are identified as CC BY 4.0; retain attribution and comply with the World Bank dataset terms, including attribution when redistributing. Silver Dominion independently formats the data and calculates annual changes. Neither the World Bank nor ILO endorses this tool. No logos or implied affiliation are used. Code is GPL-2.0-or-later; the data retain their own terms. Information only, not investment advice.
Unemployment Rate by Country: Comparing Global Labor Markets
Unemployment rates reveal important differences between economies, but low unemployment does not always indicate a healthy labor market. Workforce participation, informal employment and job quality also matter.
The Global Unemployment Tracker compares unemployment rates by country, international rankings and historical trends using World Bank data based on International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates.
The unemployment rate measures the share of the labor force without work that is available and actively seeking employment. It excludes people who have stopped looking for jobs.
Comparing unemployment with GDP growth by country provides broader economic context, although stronger growth does not always translate immediately into more jobs.
Why Unemployment Rates Differ Across Countries
Unemployment reflects economic conditions, demographics, education, labor regulations and business investment.
During downturns, companies often reduce hiring. Employment may recover more slowly than economic output, making labor market trends useful indicators of economic conditions.
Inflation and monetary policy also play a role. Efforts to control global inflation through higher central bank interest rates can affect investment and hiring.
International comparisons require caution. ILO-modeled estimates may include imputed observations where national statistics are limited, making precise country rankings less reliable.
For more frequent American employment statistics, the U.S. Labor Market Tracker provides additional context.
How Global Unemployment Affects Gold and Silver
Employment trends influence economic expectations, monetary policy and financial markets.
Rising unemployment may increase expectations of interest rate cuts, potentially supporting gold through lower real yields. However, inflation, currency movements and investor demand also affect prices.
Silver faces an additional risk: weaker economic activity can reduce industrial demand.
Comparing unemployment trends with global government bond yields and the U.S. Recession Risk Tracker helps provide a broader economic perspective.
Unemployment alone cannot predict recessions or precious metals prices. It is most useful when analyzed alongside GDP growth, inflation and interest rates.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Global Unemployment Tracker?
The Global Unemployment Tracker compares unemployment rates by country using World Bank data based on International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates. It provides global rankings and historical trends, helping users understand differences between labor markets across major economies.
How is the unemployment rate calculated?
The unemployment rate measures the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. Unemployed people are generally those without work who are available for employment and actively seeking a job, subject to statistical definitions and exceptions. People outside the labor force are not included.
Which countries have the highest unemployment rates?
Countries with high unemployment have included South Africa and Eswatini, although rankings change across reporting years and datasets. Differences in labor force participation, informal employment and statistical coverage can affect international comparisons. The latest available data should be checked before comparing countries.
What is considered a good unemployment rate?
There is no universal unemployment rate that represents a healthy labor market. A relatively low rate may indicate strong employment conditions, but it can also reflect low workforce participation or widespread informal employment. Wage growth, job quality and participation rates provide important additional context.
Why do unemployment rates differ between countries?
Unemployment rates vary because of differences in economic growth, demographics, education, labor regulations and business conditions. Economic downturns can reduce hiring, while structural mismatches between workers’ skills and available jobs may keep unemployment elevated even during periods of economic expansion.
How does unemployment affect gold and silver prices?
Rising unemployment can increase expectations of central bank interest rate cuts, potentially supporting gold through lower real yields. Silver is also influenced by industrial demand, which may weaken during economic slowdowns. Currency movements, inflation and investment flows can outweigh these effects, so unemployment does not reliably predict metal prices.
How often is unemployment by country data updated?
The Global Unemployment Tracker uses annual World Bank data based on ILO-modeled estimates. New observations are generally published as updated labor market statistics become available. Historical values may be revised, and reporting years can differ between countries. These annual estimates should not be confused with monthly national unemployment reports.